The difficulties of adaptations to cultures

Gabdkarimova Gulzhazira, Senior teacher of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Sailygara Aisulu, Master's student of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

In a socio-psychological sense, adaptation is defined as an individual's relationship with a small group. The process of adaptation is defined in social psychology as an individual entering a small group, integrating established norms and relationships, and finding a specific place in the structure of relationships among its members. Adaptation is defined as the process of modifying the parties involved in a given interaction. When a person enters a new social context, their relationship system is altered in some way. In turn, the group adjusts its norms, traditions, and regulations in response to the arrival of a newcomer.

Intercultural adaptation is often referred to as a form of social adaptation. It refers to both the process of a person becoming compatible with a new cultural context and the outcome of that process. The internal side of adaptation, expressed in a sense of fulfillment and fullness of life, and the exterior side, exhibited in the individual's engagement in the new group's social and cultural life, are usually distinguished. The admission of humans into a new culture is followed by a deep mental shock, stress, the so-called "culture shock," according to an analysis of theoretical approaches to the adaptation of a person or a group to a different ethnic and socio-cultural context. Most of the time, culture shock has bad results, but it also has a good side, at least for those people whose initial discomfort leads to the acceptance of new values and habits, which is crucial for self-development and personal growth. Culture shock is a problem of personal growth, of overcoming life stereotypes, and it necessitates a significant investment of resources. As a result, a new, important, and hard-won view of the world emerges and understanding have a place, and the scale of looking at and connecting with the world shifts. Many factors, both individual and social, influence the intensity of culture shock and the time it takes to adjust to a new society. Here they are shown in order:

• The adaption process is heavily influenced by age. Small children adjust quickly and easily, but for schoolchildren, this process can be difficult, because they must imitate their classmates in every way - in look, manners, language, and even thinking - in the classroom.
• The success of adaptation is also influenced by education: the higher it is, the fewer symptoms of culture shock arise. In general, it has been demonstrated that youthful, highly clever, and well-educated persons adapt better.
• It is also critical that migrants are willing to change. Because they are motivated to adapt, they are prone to change in most situations. For example, foreign students studying abroad have a clear goal in mind: to get a credential that will enable them to find work and gain prestige. In order to achieve this goal, students must be willing to overcome a range of obstacles and adapt to their circumstances.
• Migrants benefit from pre-contact experience, which includes knowledge about a country's history, culture, and living conditions. The first step toward successful adaptation is to learn the language, which not only reduces emotions of helplessness and reliance, but also helps to acquire the respect of native speakers of the culture. But simply knowing the language is insufficient for complete adaptation.
• The formation of amicable interactions with local residents is one of the most essential variables that favorably affect the adaption process. As a result, migrants with acquaintances among local people who are learning the unwritten standards of behavior in a new culture will have more opportunities to learn how to act.

If cultures are believed to be less similar than they actually are, the adaptation process will be less successful and it is studied at Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. However, issues in adaptation might develop when a person is entirely perplexed, if a new culture appears to him to be extremely similar to his own, but his behavior appears weird to locals.

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